GMO and Consumer Concerns


Today's consumers are seeking non-GMO products for a variety of reasons, including concerns about environmental sustainability and health, as well as corporate control and greater transparency in food production. 

GMO and Consumer Concerns

It has been argued that consumers' avoidance of GMOs actually reflects a much broader shift in modern food culture; here consumers are now looking for foods that are "closer to their natural form and less modified by human manipulation." 

Consumers want “food that is not designed and created in laboratories, grown in fields by people who feel a connection to the world.” Indeed, this outright rejection of 'high-tech' sustainable solutions should bother supporters of lab-grown meat and GM crops working in the advocacy industry.

  • Environment : The potential direct and indirect environmental impacts of GMOs are a major driver. Widespread adoption of herbicide-resistant crops has resulted in loss of wildlife habitat and biodiversity of farmland. Predictions that GM crops will spread beyond farmland or share genes with wild relatives have already come true. Similarly, farmers in many regions are struggling with GMO 'super weeds', some of which are resistant to multiple herbicides. To combat resistance, the industry has released a new series of GMO crops that are resistant to older, more toxic herbicides such as Dicamba and 2,4-D - products that are expected to replace the technology. Recent research shows that widespread use of glyphosate, the active ingredient in Monsanto's RoundUp, can adversely affect soil microbiology and even inhibit the uptake of some nutrients by plants.
  • Human health : The potential health effects of GMOs are a major consumer concern, particularly fear of potential allergenicity and other undesirable consequences of recombinant genes. However, there is little scientific consensus that GM foods currently pose an immediate health risk, and proponents strongly point to the safety record of mass consumption of GM products by millions of consumers since the mid-1990s. However, while (often exaggerated) estimates of the health effects of GM technology have not materialized, the regulatory assumption that GM foods are 'substantially equivalent' to their traditional counterparts and that independent, long-term safety testing of GM crops is still highly controversial and industry cast serious doubts about its effectiveness.
  • Animal welfare : While discussions about GM crops tend to focus on potential public health and environmental impacts, the imminent mass production of GM animals raises new animal welfare concerns. In the last two decades, research on GMO animals for agricultural use has increased dramatically in laboratories around the world; From chickens that have been genetically engineered to be immune to bird flu, to dairy cattle designed to express antibiotics in their milk to fight mastitis. While genetic modification does not automatically cause welfare problems for the individual animal, there is sufficient scientific evidence of welfare concerns associated with the application. The ethics of genetically modifying animals to address issues that are directly or indirectly the result of intensive farming systems, as well as GMO technology in livestock.
  • Institutional distrust: Finally, consumers often voice skepticism towards the agriculture/biotech industry as a major concern regarding GMO products. According to The Hartman Group, while consumers seem to recognize the potential benefits of GMO technology in human medicine, for example, they express concern about the monopolization of global food and seed production by a handful of multinationals and “see the primary uses of GMOs as: better not motivated by corporate self-interest. ”

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