The general obligations on this issue in the EU Parliament's directive on GMOs are stated as follows.

1. Member States shall ensure, in accordance with the precautionary principle, that all appropriate measures are taken to prevent adverse effects on human health and the environment that may result from the deliberate release or placing on the market of GMOs. GMOs may only be deliberately released or placed on the market in accordance with Part B or Part C of the relevant directive, respectively.

2. Any person shall carry out an environmental risk assessment prior to making a notification under Part B or Part C of the relevant directive. Information that may be required to carry out the environmental risk assessment is set out in Annex III. Member States and the Commission shall ensure that GMOs containing genes expressing resistance to antibiotics used for medical or veterinary therapy are specifically taken into account when carrying out an environmental risk assessment with the aim of identifying and phasing out markers of antibiotic resistance in GMOs. may have adverse effects on human health and the environment.

3. Member States and, where appropriate, the Commission shall ensure an accurate case-by-case assessment of potential adverse effects on human health and the environment that could arise directly or indirectly through gene transfer from GMOs to other organisms. This assessment will be made in accordance with Annex II of the relevant directive, taking into account the environmental impact according to the nature of the introduced organism and the receiving environment.

4. Member States shall designate the competent authority or authorities responsible for complying with the requirements of this Directive. The competent authority examines the notifications under Part B and Part C of the relevant directive for compliance with the requirements of this Directive and whether the assessment provided in paragraph 2 is appropriate.

5. Member States shall ensure that the competent authority organizes inspections and other control measures as appropriate to ensure compliance with this Directive. Where GMOs are placed on the market or placed on the market as or in non-registered products, the Member State concerned shall ensure that the necessary measures are taken for their release or termination of placing on the market. take corrective action if necessary and inform the public, the Commission and other Member States.

6. Member States shall take measures to ensure traceability in line with the requirements set out in Annex IV at all stages of placing on the market GMOs permitted in Part C of the relevant directive.

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